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RARE RAGA SERIES : RAGAM GURJARI – JANYA OF MELA (15) MAYAMALAVAGOULA

Writer's picture: Dr RadhakrishnanDr Radhakrishnan

Gurjari is a sampoorna raga, it carries all the seven notes of the janaka ragam, Mayamalavagoula. Only because it is slightly vakra in the avarohanam, it does not satisfy the principles applied to Mela ragas.

Aroh: S R1 G3 M1 P D1 N3 S; Avaroh: S D1 N3 P M1 G3 R1 S

Gurjari (also known as Gujjari), is of Hindusthani origin. The present day Gurjari raga owes its origin to the Gurjars (or Gujjars). Some are of opinion that it comes from Gujarat, while some others say it is from Kashmir.

There has been some difference found in both Thyagaraja and Dikshithar schools in handling of this raga. While Thyagaraja system follows the scale:

S R1 G3 M1 P D1 N3 S // S D1 N3 D1 P M1 G3 R1 S,

Dikshithar system follows:

S R1 G3 D1 P M1 P D1 N3 S // S N3 D1 P M1 G3 R1 S

Ragapravaham shows:

S R G P D S - S D P M G R S

S R G M P D N S - S D S N D P M G G R S

S R G M P D N S - S N D P M G R S

S R G M P D N S - S D N D P M G R S (same as the Thyagaraja system)

As we can see that though there are some minor vakra prayogas, this raga should be a beautiful one and expect a prominent place as or near to that of Mayamalavagoula, it is quite surprising that from a considerably big list of compositions available, only very few see the stages.

Compositions available:

Abhimanamu-Adi-Mannargudi Rajagopala Iyer

Andaka dadane- -Annamacharya

Appude gelichitava- -Annamacharya

Appuleni samsaramaina pate chalunu-T/Eka-Annamacharya

Are kalyana rama (lng)-Triputa-Govindacharya

Artuda nenu- -Annamacharya

Ata evvarikim- -Annamacharya

Balavantudavu- -Annamacharya

Bhavincha nera- -Annamacharya

Cheppaga neragara- -Annamacharya

Cheppambote- -Annamacharya

Deva nivekala- -Annamacharya

Ekkada poyeno- -Annamacharya

Elike cheppina- -Annamacharya

Ennadu manavu- -Annamacharya

Enta ledidi- -Annamacharya

Evvaru naku dikku- -Annamacharya

Gaganajjada mandala mandiha (lakshana geetham)- Venkatamakhi

Guni janadinuta guruguhodaye gurjari ragapriye- Dikshitar

Hari hari ninnu sakalantaryami ni atmadalachute- Annamacharya

Heyamemi ledu- -Annamacharya

Ihame paramu- -Annamacharya

Inni upayamu- -Annamacharya

Intepovari vari- -Annamacharya

Itaramu linniyu nadu mantramule enchi chuchi- Annamacharya

Itaramulanniyu-Adi-Annamacharya

Itaropayamulella- -Annamacharya

Jagamata ni mayamu- -Annamacharya

Karunanidhivi gaka- -Annamacharya

Konda vanti devudu- -Annamacharya

Kududururake- -Annamacharya

Ma ma tyaja ramava mam manmanasa- C.S.Shivaramakrishna Bhagavatar

Makemi ni karuna- -Annamacharya

Nakorake gridincheno- -Annamacharya

Napali ghana- -Annamacharya

Okati kokatilankai- -Annamacharya

Papamu cheruva- -Annamacharya

Payamanta mudimanta bahurupamu ika- Annamacharya

Sarvam vishnumayam- -Annamacharya

Shri ramula divyanama smarana jeyuchuna- Bhadrachala Ramdas

Telisi bhradukaro- -Annamacharya

Upakari devudu- _ Annamacharya

Varalandu kommani nayandu vanchana seya- Tyagaraja

Vokati kokati- -Annamacharya

The name gurjari shows up at least in 3 compositions of Purandaradasa that list different ragas (most likely in vogue in his time) - tutturu tUrendu battisa rAgagaLannu, anganeyarellaru neredu and naLinajANDa taleya toogi.

Now, let us see the two compositions, ‘Varalandu kommani’ of Thyagaraja and ‘Gunijanadinutha’ of Dikshithar. Saint Thyagaraja, through his composition, appeals to Rama not to tempt him with boons to fulfill worldly desires. He gives ideal examples of Prahlada and Dhruva who were blessed with boons of eternal value. Here is Dr. S.Ramanathan’s rendition of this composition. : https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=U_7LiFp0_RQ

Muthuswami Dikshithar krithi, Gunijanadinutha, is in the eighth vibhakthi (sambodhana prathama) and on Goddess Lalitha. Here is a beautiful endition by Sri. D.K.Jayaraman.


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